Foremost of these is the set of directory objects that have been granted to the user. The nature of directory objects is discussed in .
If a file is a link, the user may be able to open that file as well. Lastly, the client (text I/O) and server implementations are subject to server- side file system permission checking. UTL. When run on the server, UTL. On the client side, as in the case for Forms applications, UTL. Oracle recommends that you instead use the directory object feature, which replaces UTL.
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Directory objects offer more flexibility and granular control to the UTL. CREATEANYDIRECTORY privilege is granted only to SYS and SYSTEM by default. Note. Use the CREATEDIRECTORY feature instead of UTL. Normally, this owner is ORACLE. Files created using FOPEN are always writable and readable using the UTL.
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In Oracle9i Database Release 2, there have been many changes to the UTL. These include security enhancements using the CREATE DIRECTORY statement, copying, deleting and renaming. The set of files and directories that are accessible to the. Cause: An attempt was made to read from a file or directory that does not exist, or file or directory access was denied by the operating system. Copie d'un fichier UTL
However, non- privileged users who need to read these files outside of PL/SQL may need access from a system administrator. Caution: The privileges needed to access files in a directory object are operating system specific. You should not reference or change components of this record. Together, the file location and name must represent a legal filename on the system, and the directory must be accessible. A subdirectory of an accessible directory is not necessarily also accessible; it too must be specified using a complete path name matching an ALL. For example, the len parameter of UTL. The number of bytes actually returned to the user will be the lesser of: The GET.
If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. If unspecified, Oracle supplies the default value of max. For example, you call the FOPEN function to return a file handle, which you use in subsequent calls to GET. When file I/O is done, you call FCLOSE to complete any output and free resources associated with the file. Note. The UTL. Restrictions for a server implementation require some API differences between UTL. In PL/SQL file I/O, errors are returned using PL/SQL exceptions. Exceptions. Table 2.
UTL. This should be used as an emergency cleanup procedure, for example, when a PL/SQL program exits on an exception. Syntax. UTL. This means that an IS. No further read or write operations can be performed on a file that was open before an FCLOSE.
By default, the whole file is copied if the start. The source file is opened in read mode.
The destination file is opened in write mode. A starting and ending line number can optionally be specified to select a portion from the center of the source file for copying.
Syntax. UTL. The default is 1 for the first line. The default is NULL, signifying end of file. FFLUSH Procedure.
FFLUSH physically writes pending data to the file identified by the file handle. Normally, data being written to a file is buffered. The FFLUSH procedure forces the buffered data to be written to the file. The data must be terminated with a newline character.
Flushing is useful when the file must be read while still open. For example, debugging messages can be flushed to the file so that they can be read immediately. Syntax. UTL. NULL if file does not exist.
The file system block size in bytes. NULL if the file does not exist.
FGETPOS Function. This function returns the current relative offset position within a file, in bytes. Syntax. UTL. It raises an exception if the file is not open. It returns 0 for the beginning of the file. Usage Notes. If file is opened for byte mode operations, then the INVALIDOPERATION exception is raised. FOPEN Function. This function opens a file. You can specify the maximum line size and have a maximum of 5.
This string is a directory object name and is case sensitive. The default is uppercase. Read privileges must be granted on this directory object for the UTL. If a directory path is given as a part of the filename, it is ignored by FOPEN. On Unix, the filename cannot end with /. Modes include: r - - read textw - - write texta - - append textrb - - read byte modewb - - write byte modeab - - append byte mode. If you try to open a file specifying 'a' or 'ab' for open.
If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. Return Values. FOPEN returns a file handle, which must be passed to all subsequent procedures that operate on that file. The specific contents of the file handle are private to the UTL.
You can have a maximum of 5. With this function, you can read or write a text file in Unicode instead of in the database character set. Even though the contents of an NVARCHAR2 buffer may be AL1. UTF1. 6 or UTF8 (depending on the national character set of the database), the contents of the file are always read and written in UTF8. The O/S verifies file and directory permissions.
An exception is returned on failure. FRENAME Procedure. This procedure renames an existing file to a new name, similar to the UNIX mv function. Syntax. UTL. You can use the overwrite parameter to specify whether or not to overwrite a file if one exists in the destination directory. The default is FALSE for no overwrite. FSEEK Procedure. This procedure adjusts the file pointer forward or backward within the file by the number of bytes specified.
Syntax. UTL. You must know the number of bytes by which you want to navigate. If relative. If the end of the file is reached before the number of bytes specified, then an INVALID. Text is read up to, but not including, the line terminator, or up to the end of the file, or up to the end of the len parameter. It cannot exceed the max. If NULL, Oracle supplies the value of max. If no text was read due to end of file, the NO. If the file is opened for byte mode operations, the INVALID.
With this function, you can read a text file in Unicode instead of in the database character set. The file must be opened in national character set mode, and must be encoded in the UTF8 character set. The expected buffer datatype is NVARCHAR2. If a variable of another datatype, such as NCHAR, NCLOB, or VARCHAR2 is specified, PL/SQL will perform standard implicit conversion from NVARCHAR2 after the text is read. See also GET. The file must be open for reading (mode r). If the file is opened by FOPEN instead of FOPEN.
If NULL, Oracle supplies the value of max. If NULL, len is assumed to be the maximum length of RAW. Usage Notes. The subprogram will raise No.
Your application should allow for this by catching the exception in its processing loop. It does not guarantee that there will be no operating system errors when you attempt to use the file handle. Syntax. UTL. This procedure is separate from PUT because the line terminator is a platform- specific character or sequence of characters. Syntax. UTL. The file must be open for write operations. No line terminator is appended by PUT; use NEW.
The file must be open for writing. Buffer that contains the text to be written to the file. You must have opened the file using mode w or mode a; otherwise, an INVALID. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1.
The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3. Exceptions. INVALID. The file must be open for write operations. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3. If file is opened for byte mode operations, then the INVALIDOPERATION exception is raised.
Exceptions. INVALID. With this function, you can write a text file in Unicode instead of in the database character set. This procedure is equivalent to the PUT. The file must be open for writing.
Text buffer that contains the lines to be written to the file. Usage Notes. The maximum size of the buffer parameter is 3. FOPEN. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3. If file is opened for byte mode operations, then the INVALIDOPERATION exception is raised. PUT. The file must be opened in the national character set mode. The text string will be written in the UTF8 character set.
The expected buffer datatype is NVARCHAR2. If a variable of another datatype is specified, PL/SQL will perform implicit conversion to NVARCHAR2 before writing the text. See also PUT Procedure. Syntax. UTL. If the file is opened by FOPEN instead of FOPEN. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3.
PUTF Procedure. This procedure is a formatted PUT procedure. It works like a limited printf(). It accepts a format string with formatting elements \n and %s, and up to five arguments to be substituted for consecutive instances of %s in the format string. The expected datatype of the format string and the arguments is NVARCHAR2. If variables of another datatype are specified, PL/SQL will perform implicit conversion to NVARCHAR2 before formatting the text. Formatted text is written in the UTF8 character set to the file identified by the file handle. The file must be opened in the national character set mode.
Syntax. UTL. The file must be open for reading (mode r). If the file is opened by FOPEN instead of FOPEN. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3. If file is opened for byte mode operations, then the INVALIDOPERATION exception is raised.
PUT. If unspecified, Oracle supplies a default value of 1. The sum of all sequential PUT calls cannot exceed 3.
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